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    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-03-09</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/inauguration-of-the-david-levering-lewis-biography-fellowship-on-the-african-diaspora</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-03-09</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Inauguration of the&amp;nbsp;David Levering Lewis Biography Fellowship on the African Diaspora&amp;nbsp; - The Lewis Fellowship is funded by a $1,000,000 gift from Professor Lewis, matched by another million from the Leon Levy Foundation.</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/kai-birdselected-by-rockefeller-foundation-as-a-bellagio-center-resident-2026</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-03-09</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Kai Bird selected by the Rockefeller Foundation as Bellagio Center Resident 2026 - Kai Bird, Director of the Leon Levy Center for Biography, will be working on his forthcoming biography of Roy Cohn, entitled, American Scoundrel: Roy Cohn’s Dark Journey From Joe McCarthy to Donald Trump.</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
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  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/avi-steinberg-awarded-2025-whiting-nonfiction-grant</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-01-09</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1765372391371-PX6SV8DVIX6K02FULYZQ/121025_news_Avi-stenberg.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - Avi Steinberg awarded 2025 Whiting Nonfiction Grant - Former fellow Avi Steinberg has been awarded a 2025 Whiting Nonfiction Grant for Works-in-Progress for Grace Paley: A Life (a biography to be published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux).</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
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  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/the-family-of-pulitzer-prize-winning-historian-martin-j-sherwin-establishes-a-fellowship-for-nuclear-age-biography-at-the-leon-levy-center-for-biography</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-02-16</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/14310daa-8e29-44e1-8208-32f1dd7cf995/LLCB_Martin-J.-Sherwin-establishes-a-fellowship.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - The family of Pulitzer Prize-winning historian Martin J. Sherwin establishes a fellowship for nuclear age biography at the Leon Levy Center for Biography - A gift of over $200,000 to the CUNY Graduate Center from the family and friends of late Pulitzer Prize-winning biographer Martin J. Sherwin will endow an important new fellowship at the school’s renowned Leon Levy Center for Biography.</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/b3aeba92-5ef4-4a35-828e-c95bf7457dc0/Kai+Bird-Martin+Sherwin_American+Prometheus.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - The family of Pulitzer Prize-winning historian Martin J. Sherwin establishes a fellowship for nuclear age biography at the Leon Levy Center for Biography - The fellowship honors Sherwin</image:title>
      <image:caption>The American Prometheus book cover by Kai Bird and Martin J. Sherwin</image:caption>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/how-the-leon-levy-fellowship-became-a-launchpad-for-acclaimed-biographies</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-21</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1760485723363-FO6KFKPG8EVCL2FDUOCW/LLCB_How-became-launchpad-for-biographers.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - How the Leon Levy Fellowship Became a Launchpad for Acclaimed Biographies - In an extraordinary feat, all fellows from a single year have brought their biographies to fruition, with the last set for release next spring.</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1759510029776-5W5AIRJ93NLFO2QFXBGI/Francesca+Wade_Gertrude+Stein_An+Afterlife_news+cover.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - How the Leon Levy Fellowship Became a Launchpad for Acclaimed Biographies - Five years ago, when Francesca Wade began what she termed a “completely transformative” fellowship at the CUNY Graduate Center’s Leon Levy Center for Biography, she had, she said, “little more than a kernel of an idea” for a biography of writer Gertrude Stein.</image:title>
      <image:caption>In May, her book Gertrude Stein: An Afterlife was published in London, drawing positive reviews. And in October, the book will debut in the U.S., which Wade describes as a homecoming for Stein, an American who lived her adult life in Paris. The release is also a home run for Wade, who joins three other Leon Levy Center for Biography fellows from 2020 – 2021 in having their biographies published this year, all to critical acclaim. The biography by the fifth fellow from that year is due out next spring. "Biography is arduous, painstaking work,” said Kai Bird, the Pulitzer Prize-winning biographer who directs the Leon Levy Center. “It is most unusual for all five of our biography fellows from the same cohort to publish within the same year.” Wade and her fellow fellows, in turn, praise the year-long fellowship — one of only a handful in the U.S. exclusively for the writing of biography — which offers access to research facilities, research assistance, and a stipend, for incubating their work.</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/719f6b36-d418-4ee6-8ac9-530eeb25bbfe/LLCB_Susan-Morrison_Lorne-cover.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - How the Leon Levy Fellowship Became a Launchpad for Acclaimed Biographies - Susan Morrison’s biography of Saturday Night Live creator Lorne Michaels, Lorne: The Man Who Invented “Saturday Night Live,” came out first, in February, to praise and popularity.</image:title>
      <image:caption>It debuted at number four on The New York Times bestseller list in March. A Times reviewer described it as “briskly written and solidly sourced.” The Los Angeles Times called the book, which combines reporting from the SNL set with extensive interviews, “indispensable, especially for SNL completists.” In a public conversation with Times columnist Maureen Dowd at the Graduate Center in April, Morrison, an editor at The New Yorker, said she conceived the book 10 years before it came out and spoke to Michaels about 50 times and to “all of his people.” She had completed about 80% of her reporting and was just beginning what she describes as “the daunting task of paring down the material and writing chapters” when she started the Leon Levy fellowship. “The fellowship was a dream, for several reasons,” she said recently over email. She was far from colleagues on Shelter Island at the start of the COVID lockdown, and “having this group of engaged, bright, fun people to Zoom with and discuss biographical conundrums once a month was a lifesaver,” she said. “I'd never written anything approaching this in length or complexity, and hearing advice and tips from the other fellows, and from Kai Bird and Thad, was indispensable,” Morrison added, referring to the center’s executive director and associate director, Thad Ziolkowski.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>News - How the Leon Levy Fellowship Became a Launchpad for Acclaimed Biographies - Nicholas Boggs’ Baldwin: A Love Story, a biography of the writer and civil rights activist James Baldwin, released in August, similarly catapulted to The New York Times bestseller list and drew accolades.</image:title>
      <image:caption>Now a finalist for the Kirkus Prize, the book was hailed in the Times as “stunning,” written with “a commanding, sure-footed authority and comprehensiveness, subtle and solemn at once, that dazzles and awes.” Boggs, who will discuss his book at the Graduate Center on November 19, discovered Baldwin when he was in ninth grade. Later, he shepherded a manuscript of a children’s book by Baldwin into a published work. He spent 30 years on his Baldwin biography in part because, he said at a book tour event at Politics and Prose bookstore in his hometown of Washington, D.C., he had no idea what form it would take. He also admitted he had never read an entire biography before receiving his book contract. “I never thought of myself as a biographer, even as a scholar,” he said. “I thought of myself as a writer.” By the time he began his Leon Levy Center fellowship, a year after receiving his contract, he acknowledged that he was a biographer. The fellowship “had an immensely positive impact,” he said. “The sense of community, even or especially during the pandemic, and the focused attention on my writing in the meetings, as well as simply the time and freedom to focus on the book, were invaluable.”</image:caption>
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      <image:title>News - How the Leon Levy Fellowship Became a Launchpad for Acclaimed Biographies - Lance Richardson had written one acclaimed biography and was in the early stages of his second one on writer Peter Matthiessen when he started the fellowship.</image:title>
      <image:caption>“Writing a book is already a lonely endeavor, and the pandemic isolation threatened to make it even lonelier,” Richardson said. “But the Leon Levy fellowship, because of our regular Zoom discussions, gave me a sense of community support that proved vital in the early stages of writing.” Richardson’s book True Nature: The Pilgrimage of Peter Matthiessen is already drawing attention and accolades ahead of its October publication. A review in The American Scholar described the book, which is based on over 200 interviews, as “enthralling, expertly told, and based on extraordinary research.”</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/7fdfce87-ddf4-4341-b77f-f5164ebf2bc4/LLCB_Miriam-Horn_Schaller-Homesick-cover.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - How the Leon Levy Fellowship Became a Launchpad for Acclaimed Biographies - Writer and environmental advocate Miriam Horn received her fellowship for a biography of wildlife biologist George Schaller, which comes out from Penguin Press in April. She was deep into her research but hadn’t started writing the book when she began the fellowship, which “could not have come at a better time,” she said. “Our monthly Zooms were a respite from the doubled isolation of the pandemic and biography-writing.</image:title>
      <image:caption>She, like Wade, praised her research assistant, Graduate Center History Ph.D. candidate Kate Kelley, who helped her organize and track down documents and even translate materials from German. Horn especially valued Bird’s urging her and others to write even as their research continued. “I had been procrastinating, telling myself that I had to just read a few more field journals,” she said. “But I did not want to squander the benefit of having such brilliant readers.” She knuckled down and started writing. She advises other biographers and aspiring biographers to do the same. “Heed Kai,” she said. “Start writing before you feel ready.” She added, “Perhaps most importantly, find many people who will listen to you talk and talk about your subject, so you don’t wear any one of them out.”</image:caption>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/former-fellow-cynthia-carr-wins-2024-book-critics-circle-award-in-biography</loc>
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    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Former Fellow Cynthia Carr Wins 2024 National Book Critics Circle Award in Biography - Each year, the National Book Critics Circle presents awards for the finest books published in English in six categories: Fiction, Nonfiction, Biography, Autobiography, Poetry, and Criticism. Carr’s biography is distinctive for being about trans icon Candy Darling.</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/former-fellow-francesca-wade-new-yorker-review-october-2025</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-03</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1759510029776-5W5AIRJ93NLFO2QFXBGI/Francesca+Wade_Gertrude+Stein_An+Afterlife_news+cover.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - Wade’s Gertrude Stein biography reviewed by the New Yorker - Former Fellow Francesca Wade’s upcoming biography ‘Gertrude Stein: An Afterlife’ is reviewed in the New Yorker. Read the full review here.</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
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      <image:title>News - Wade’s Gertrude Stein biography reviewed by the New Yorker - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/6-new-biography-fellows-for-2025-2026</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1758051580182-M6RRYCAYE26VJSK5JYKD/LLCB_News_Fellow-Announcement_2025.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - Six New Biography Fellows for 2025 – 2026 - Kai Bird, the Executive Director of the Leon Levy Center for Biography, announced today the award of six resident fellowships at the Graduate Center, including the seventh Leon Levy/Alfred P. Sloan fellow for a biography on a figure from science, and a Dissertation Fellow. Each resident fellow receives a $72,000 grant, research assistance, writing space and full access to research facilities.</image:title>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/9bc52b34-621b-4bdd-b4ce-2e2914aa8655/Peter-Maass%2C-for-a-biography-of-the-Warburgs-and-Schiffs.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - Six New Biography Fellows for 2025 – 2026 - Peter Maass is the author of Love Thy Neighbor: A Story of War, which won the Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Current Interest, and the Overseas Press Club’s Cornelius Ryan Book Award. He is also the author of Crude World: The Violent Twilight of Oil, which was a finalist for the New York Public Library’s Helen Bernstein Book Award for Excellence in Journalism. He reported on the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan for The New York Times Magazine and The New Yorker, and won the Deadline Club Arts Reporting Award for a series of articles in The Intercept about the controversy over Peter Handke receiving the 2019 Nobel Prize for Literature. He will be working on a joint biography of Jacob Schiff and Felix Warburg – his great-great grandfather and great grandfather – in the context of their philanthropic support for Jewish immigration to British-controlled Palestine and their stance as non-Zionists opposed to the creation of a Jewish state there. His book will be published by Hachette’s Grand Central Publishing.</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/e8585b9b-eccd-4482-9903-ef914cb9d7cc/Deborah-Solomon%2C-for-a-biography-of-Jasper-Johns.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - Six New Biography Fellows for 2025 – 2026</image:title>
      <image:caption>Deborah Solomon is an art critic, journalist and biographer. She writes frequently for the New York Times, and is currently at work on a full-scale biography of the artist Jasper Johns.  Her books include Jackson Pollock: A Biography (1987); Utopia Parkway: The Life and Work of Joseph Cornell (1997); and American Mirror: The Life and Art of Norman Rockwell (2013). In 2001, Solomon was awarded a grant from the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation in the field of biography. Her weekly interview column, “Questions For,” appeared in The New York Times Magazine from 2003 to 2011. She has served as an art critic for The Wall Street Journal and WNYC Public Radio.</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/5d79a9dc-296a-4e37-be68-af249bc83f39/Alex-Traub%2C-for-a-biography-of-Robert-Silvers.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - Six New Biography Fellows for 2025 – 2026</image:title>
      <image:caption>Alex Traub is a reporter on the Obituaries desk of The New York Times. Previously, he worked at two Indian papers, The Hindustan Times and The Telegraph of Kolkata, and at The New York Review of Books, where he was one of the last assistants of its editor and co-founder Robert Silvers. He is under contract with Farrar, Straus to write a book about Silvers focusing on his relationships with the leading writers and thinkers of his day and his impact on debates about the Vietnam War, Zionism, human rights, the politics of identity, the war on terror, and other major controversies in politics and culture.</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/f4b62e00-1fd5-46d3-96ef-7f32c22c26e9/Vanessa-Troiana%2C-Dissertation-Fellow%2C-for-a-Dissertation-on-Susan-Weil.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - Six New Biography Fellows for 2025 – 2026</image:title>
      <image:caption>Dissertation Fellow Vanessa S. Troiano is a Ph.D. candidate in Art History at the CUNY Graduate Center. Her dissertation, “Susan Weil: Artistic Trailblazer,” is the first critical biography to survey the career of American artist Susan Weil (b. 1930). Vanessa earned a B.A. from Wellesley College and an M.A. with Distinction from the Courtauld Institute of Art in London. Her honors include a Women Writing Women’s Lives Kathy Chamberlain Award, a United States Teaching Assistantship with Fulbright Austria in Vienna, and a German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) scholarship at the Goethe-Institut in Berlin. Vanessa’s writings have appeared in Routledge Research in Art History, Smarthistory, and Art History Teaching Resources. She has taught at Sotheby’s Institute of Art and CUNY’s Brooklyn, City, and Queensborough campuses.</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/472c98b1-185f-422a-bdf2-c0c4471214e4/Autumn-Womack%2C-for-a-biography-of-Toni-Morrison.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - Six New Biography Fellows for 2025 – 2026</image:title>
      <image:caption>Autumn Womack is an Associate Professor of English and African American Studies at Princeton University. She is the author of The Matter of Black Living: The Aesthetic Experiment of Racial Data, 1880-1930 (The University of Chicago Press, 2022), which was awarded the Modern Language Association’s William Sanders Scarborough Prize and shortlisted for the Modernist Studies Association’s First Book Prize.  She is also the editor of Norton Library’s edition of Charles Chesnutt’s 1901 novel The Marrow of Tradition (Norton, 2023). Her research and writing have been published in journals such as Black Camera: An International Film Journal, American Literary History, Women and Performance, J19: A Journal of 19th Century Americanists, The Paris Review of Books, The Los Angeles Review of Books, The Times Literary Supplement as well as numerous edited volumes. As a Leon Levy Fellow she will create an archival biography of Toni Morrison’s creative process.</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/c6b9c626-368b-4266-8e66-c5da560f3a1b/Kristen+Iversen.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - Six New Biography Fellows for 2025 – 2026</image:title>
      <image:caption>Levy/Sloan Fellow Kristen Iversen is the author of Full Body Burden: Growing Up in the Nuclear Shadow of Rocky Flats, an award-winning work currently being adapted into a documentary. Her other books include Molly Brown: Unraveling the Myth;  Shadow Boxing: Art and Craft in Creative Nonfiction; and the anthologies Doom with a View and Don’t Look Now. Iversen holds a PhD in English from the University of Denver and teaches at the University of Cincinnati, where she serves as Literary Nonfiction Editor of The Cincinnati Review. She is a former Fulbright Scholar and a newly minted NEH Public Scholar. She is working on a biography of Nikola Tesla entitled Friend and Faithful Stranger: Nikola Tesla in the Gilded Age.</image:caption>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/5-new-biography-fellows-for-2025-2026-y8t9y</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Five New Biography Fellows for 2024 – 2025 - Kai Bird, the Executive Director of the Leon Levy Center for Biography, announced today the award of five resident fellowships at the Graduate Center, including the sixth Leon Levy/Alfred P. Sloan fellow for a biography on a figure from science.Each resident fellow receives a $72,000 grant, research assistance, writing space and full access to research facilities.</image:title>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/81a351ee-4880-4bf5-a774-599d2879cea4/Emily-Bernard.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - Five New Biography Fellows for 2024 – 2025</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/c283ee77-a04e-4975-916e-0d9da70d7526/Nicholas-Dawidoff.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - Five New Biography Fellows for 2024 – 2025</image:title>
      <image:caption>Nicholas Dawidoff is the author of six books, most recently The Other Side of Prospect: A Story of Violence, Injustice, And The American City which won The American Bar Association’s book award (the Silver Gavel); won The American Society of Journalists and Authors nonfiction book award; and was a finalist for the New York Public Library’s Helen Bernstein Book Award for excellence in journalism. Among his other books are The Catcher Was A Spy: The Mysterious Life of Moe Berg; In The Country of Country: A Journey To The Roots of American Music; and The Fly Swatter: Portrait of an Exceptional Character, which was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in biography. He has been a Guggenheim Fellow, a Berlin Prize fellow of the American Academy, an Anschutz Distinguished Fellow at Princeton University, and an Art For Justice Fellow. Dawidoff will be working on a biography of photographer and filmmaker Robert Frank, which will be published by Penguin-Random House.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>News - Five New Biography Fellows for 2024 – 2025</image:title>
      <image:caption>Levy/Sloan Fellow Nicholas Kulish is writing a biography of software pioneer and philanthropist Bill Gates, to be published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. As a foreign correspondent and investigative reporter for The New York Times, he has filed dispatches from more than 40 countries around the world, on topics ranging from Saudi royal finances to the Navy’s SEAL Team 6. Kulish has published a novel about the Iraq invasion, Last One In, and co-authored a history of Nazi hunting, The Eternal Nazi. He has covered antitrust for The Wall Street Journal and philanthropy for The Times, experiences he will draw on in writing his biography of Gates.</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/817bc04b-f9bf-4753-a06d-a76f3dbd54c3/Stephen-Phillips.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - Five New Biography Fellows for 2024 – 2025</image:title>
      <image:caption>Stephen Phillips is a freelance writer. His work has appeared in print in The Times Literary Supplement, Economist, Spectator, Wall Street Journal and Smithsonian among other publications and online in The Atlantic. He is a former US Correspondent for The Times Educational Supplement and contributor to The Times Higher Education Supplement. As a Leon Levy Fellow he will complete a biography of political essayist and commentator Christopher Hitchens, to be published by W.W. Norton.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/d9c40a52-2766-441d-96a4-216a0f85d763/Mike-Rezendes.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - Five New Biography Fellows for 2024 – 2025</image:title>
      <image:caption>Mike Rezendes is a Pulitzer Prize-winning reporter with the global investigations team at The Associated Press. His recent work includes an examination of child sex abuse in the Mormon Church and financial corruption in the Catholic Church. In 2022, he worked on the ABC-TV drama “Alaska Daily,” starring Hilary Swank. He is writing a biography of the late Jimmy Breslin, the legendary New York reporter who gave voice to the powerless and helped create the New Journalism, to be published by Simon &amp; Schuster. Mike worked for The Boston Globe Spotlight Team where he shared two Pulitzer Prizes, one for revealing the cover-up of child sex abuse in the Catholic Church, and one for covering the bombing of the Boston Marathon. Mike was running the marathon when the bombs exploded and worked into the night covering the tragedy. In 2015, Mike was played by Mark Ruffalo in the Academy Award-winning movie, “Spotlight,” which won the Oscars for Best Picture and Best Screenplay.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/5-new-biography-fellows-for-2025-2026-y8t9y-srwpy</loc>
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      <image:title>News - Former Fellow Adam Shatz Awarded Guggenheim Fellowship in General Nonfiction</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/krithika-varagur-awarded-robert-and-ina-caro-travel-research-fellowship</loc>
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    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Former Fellow Krithika Varagur awarded Robert and Ina Caro Travel/Research Fellowship</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
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  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/kai-bird-wins-prestigious-bio-award</loc>
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    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Kai Bird Wins Prestigious BIO Award</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
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  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/justin-gifford-awarded-neh-grant-for-delany-biography-2024</loc>
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    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Former Fellow Justin Gifford Awarded NEH Grant 2024 for Delany biography</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
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  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/krithika-varagur-wins-2024-silvers-dudley-prize-in-journalism</loc>
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    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Former Fellow Krithika Varagur Wins 2024 Silvers-Dudley Prize in Journalism</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/executive-director-kai-bird-to-debate-nuclear-power-at-the-oxford-union</loc>
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    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Executive Director Kai Bird to Debate Nuclear Power at the Oxford Union</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/former-fellow-nicholas-boggs-wins-whiting-award</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Former Fellow Nicholas Boggs Wins Whiting Award</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/american-prometheus-1-on-ny-times-bestseller-list</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - American Prometheus #1 on NY Times Bestseller List</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/executive-director-kai-bird-signs-contract-with-scribers-to-write-biography-of-roy-cohn</loc>
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    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Executive Director Kai Bird signs contract with Scriber’s to write biography of Roy Cohn</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/jane-kamensky-abigail-santamaria-and-avi-steinberg-awarded-neh-grants</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
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    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Jane Kamensky, Abigail Santamaria and Avi Steinberg Awarded NEH Grants</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
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  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/former-leon-levy-fellow-rebecca-donner-wins-national-book-critics-circle-award</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Former Leon Levy Fellow Rebecca Donner Wins National Book Critics Circle Award</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
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  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/the-2021-2022-biography-fellows</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1758051806305-MMG5G35UFPTCF6UYCQ0A/LLCB_News_Fellow-Announcement_2021.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - The 2021 – 2022 Biography Fellows - Kai Bird, the Executive Director of the Leon Levy Center for Biography, announced today the award of six resident fellowships at the Graduate Center, including the seventh Leon Levy/Alfred P. Sloan fellow for a biography on a figure from science, and a Dissertation Fellow. Each resident fellow receives a $72,000 grant, research assistance, writing space and full access to research facilities.</image:title>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/d8e98750-2fc9-42b3-b988-905bef540173/Patchen+Barss.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - The 2021 – 2022 Biography Fellows - Sloan/Leon Levy Fellow Patchen Barss is the author of the illustrated children’s book Flow Spin Grow: Looking for Patterns in Nature (OwlKids 2018), the editor of Conquering Space (Scientific American Classics, 2015), and the author of The Erotic Engine: How Pornography has Powered Mass Communication, from Gutenberg to Google (Random House, 2010). He has written for BBC Future, Scientific American, Nautilus, and The Walrus. He is working on a literary biography of mathematician and cosmologist Roger Penrose.</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/75060acb-4688-46de-a4a4-2cb3e22369ad/Glenn+Frankel.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - The 2021 – 2022 Biography Fellows</image:title>
      <image:caption>Glenn Frankel worked for many years at The Washington Post, winning a Pulitzer Prize for international reporting. He taught journalism at Stanford University and the University of Texas at Austin, where he directed the School of Journalism. He has written five books, including three that have explored the creation of an iconic American movie and the historical era it reflects. His new project is a biography of Beatles manager Brian Epstein, who played a crucial role in the rise of the band that revolutionized popular culture.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/a46c1c55-ef11-4db8-b8bf-0b395d43efae/Helen+Koh.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - The 2021 – 2022 Biography Fellows</image:title>
      <image:caption>Helen Koh is a writer and researcher specializing in East Asian culture and history. She has been on the faculty of Columbia University and earned a Ph.D. from the University of Chicago. She is currently Director of Creative GC Art Science Connect, an initiative that advances interdisciplinary research at The Graduate Center. Helen has received fellowships from the Fulbright Foundation, National Endowment for the Arts, and Japanese Ministry of Education. She is writing a biography of video artist and Fluxus founder Nam June Paik.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/9f5061ef-7af8-4466-80e3-2e63cae16ca4/Dan+Nadel.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - The 2021 – 2022 Biography Fellows</image:title>
      <image:caption>Dan Nadel is curator-at-large for the Manetti Shrem Museum of Art, UC Davis. His recent books include Peter Saul: Professional Artist Correspondence 1945-1976 (Bad Dimension Press, 2020) and the upcoming It’s Life as I See It: Black Cartoonists in Chicago, 1940-1980 (New York Review Comics, 2021), which accompanies his forthcoming exhibition at the Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago, Chicago Comics, 1960 to Now. Nadel is writing the biography of the celebrated and controversial cartoonist Robert Crumb.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/8184f5eb-d729-43d3-824a-db8d6c23bda4/Adam+Shatz_headshot.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - The 2021 – 2022 Biography Fellows</image:title>
      <image:caption>Adam Shatz is a contributing editor at the London Review of Books and a contributor to The New York Times Magazine, the New York Review of Books, The New Yorker, and other publications. A former literary editor of The Nation magazine, he has been a visiting professor at Bard College and New York University and a fellow at the Dorothy and Lewis B. Cullman Center for Writers and Scholars. At the Leon Levy Center for Biography, Shatz will be writing a book about the Martinican psychiatrist and anti-colonial revolutionary Frantz Fanon.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/548e7174-fbec-4ed8-925b-59e31864b56c/Rachel+L.+Swarns.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - The 2021 – 2022 Biography Fellows</image:title>
      <image:caption>Rachel L. Swarns is a journalist, author and professor who writes about race and race relations as a contributing writer for The New York Times. Her articles about Georgetown University and its roots in slavery touched off a national conversation about American institutions and their ties to this painful period of history. She is the author of American Tapestry: The Story of the Black, White and Multiracial Ancestors of Michelle Obama (2012) and a co-author of  Unseen: Unpublished Black History from The New York Times Photo Archives [bit.ly] (2017).  Her forthcoming book, which will be published by Random House, is a multigenerational biography of an enslaved family torn apart by the 1838 slave sale that saved Georgetown from financial ruin.</image:caption>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/ed276024-5d50-4f41-83a5-b179fbe41fad/Blair+Asbury+Brooks.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - The 2021 – 2022 Biography Fellows - Leon Levy Dissertation Fellow Blair Asbury Brooks is a Ph.D. candidate in Art History at the Graduate Center.  Her dissertation, Heinz Berggruen: Dealing and Collecting Modern Art in the Shadow of World War II, is an art historical study of the life and career of the German-born dealer-collector.  Her dissertation research has been supported by the Frick Art Reference Library’s Center for the History of Collecting and the Getty Research Institute.  Previously, Brooks was Director of Exhibitions at Pace Gallery, then a Director at Peter Freeman, Inc. and Lisson Gallery.  She holds a B.A. from Wellesley College and an M.A. from Columbia University.</image:title>
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  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/gayatri-patnaik-will-receive-bios-2020-editorial-excellence-award</loc>
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    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Gayatri Patnaik&amp;nbsp;will receive BIO’s 2020 Editorial Excellence Award</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/nancy-greenspan-on-klaus-fuchs-in-conversation-with-executive-director-kai-bird-on-c-span</loc>
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    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Nancy Greenspan on Klaus Fuchs, in conversation with Executive Director Kai Bird on C-SPAN</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/former-fellow-eric-k-washington-wins-herbert-h-lehman-prize-for-distinguished-scholarship-in-new-york-history</loc>
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    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Former Fellow Eric K. Washington wins Herbert H. Lehman Prize for Distinguished Scholarship in New York history</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
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  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/2020-2021-biography-fellows-announced</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1758055487000-TKBN6RS7521X1UP8BGWA/LLCB_News_Fellow-Announcement_2020.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - 2020 – 2021 Biography Fellows Announced - Kai Bird, the Executive Director of the Leon Levy Center for Biography, announced today the award of five resident fellowships at the Graduate Center, including the second Leon Levy/Alfred P. Sloan fellow for a biography on a figure from science. Mr. Bird, a Pulitzer Prize-winning biographer, is presently finishing his own project, a biography of President Jimmy Carter. The Leon Levy Center for Biography is hosted by the Graduate Center at the City University of New York—and generously funded by the Leon Levy Foundation. Each resident fellow receives a $72,000 grant, research assistance, writing space and full access to research facilities. The five Leon Levy Biography fellows for 2020-21 are:</image:title>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/a721b38d-6386-4307-9ad5-1e9b19d6db25/Nicholas+Boggs.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - 2020 – 2021 Biography Fellows Announced - Nicholas Boggs is currently a clinical assistant professor in the Department of English at New York University. He earned a BA from Yale and a PhD from Columbia University. He is co-editor of James Baldwin’s collaboration with French artist Yoran Cazac, Little Man, Little Man: A Story of Childhood (2018). He received the 2019 Robert and Ina Caro Travel and Research Fellowship from the Biographer’s International Organization. His writing has appeared in the anthologies James Baldwin Now and The Cambridge Companion to James Baldwin. Boggs is working on a literary biography of James Baldwin, which will be published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux.</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/cda44516-c688-4ed8-9cbf-b0217a6b952f/Miriam+Horn.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - 2020 – 2021 Biography Fellows Announced</image:title>
      <image:caption>Miriam Horn, this year’s Leon Levy/Alfred P. Sloan fellow, is the author of Rebels in White Gloves: Coming of Age with Hillary’s Class—Wellesley ‘69 (Random House 1999); the New York Times bestselling Earth: The Sequel, The Race to Reinvent Energy and Stop Global Warming (coauthored with Environmental Defense Fund president Fred Krupp), (Norton, 2008); and Rancher, Farmer, Fisherman; Conservation Heroes of the American Heartland (Norton, 2016) which Kirkus named a Best Book of the Year. She is working on a biography of naturalist George Schaller, which will be published by Penguin.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/ac91c3f2-ae81-4d32-8b69-c3d51b1c52e9/Susan+Morrison.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - 2020 – 2021 Biography Fellows Announced</image:title>
      <image:caption>Susan Morrison has been the Articles Editor of The New Yorker for twenty-two years. Previously, she served as Editor in Chief of The New York Observer, and was an original editor of SPY Magazine. Ms. Morrison is the editor of the book Thirty Ways of Looking at Hillary: Reflections by Women Writers, and she is at work on a biography of Lorne Michaels for Random House.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/25dd4b1b-47c5-424d-a312-4dc07109d7cd/Lance+Richardson.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - 2020 – 2021 Biography Fellows Announced</image:title>
      <image:caption>Lance Richardson is the author of House of Nutter: The Rebel Tailor of Savile Row, which appeared on several “notable books” lists of 2018. His journalism has been published in print and online in The Guardian, Slate, The New Yorker, The Sydney Morning Herald, and several international iterations of GQ. Richardson is also the recipient of the 2020 Hazel Rowley Literary Fellowship. He is currently working on a biography of Peter Matthiessen — writer, naturalist, Zen roshi — to be entitled True Nature: The Pilgrimage of Peter Matthiessen, which will be published by Pantheon.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/612dece7-cbbd-4b69-a198-6b6ba0031d01/Francesca-Wade.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - 2020 – 2021 Biography Fellows Announced</image:title>
      <image:caption>Francesca Wade is an acclaimed literary critic who writes for the London Review of Books, the Times Literary Supplement, Paris Review, The Guardian and The New Statesman. She is editor of The White Review, and winner of the Biographers’ Club Tony Lothian Prize. Her first book, Square Haunting, was published in 2020 by Faber in the UK and Tim Duggan at Crown. Wade is working on a biography of Gertrude Stein.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/house-of-swann-where-slaves-became-queens</loc>
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    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
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      <image:title>News - Biography Fellow Channing Joseph Wins Whiting Creative Nonfiction Grant</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/news/2019-2020-biography-fellows-announced</loc>
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    <lastmod>2025-10-01</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1758057124347-IU5DELXQKBBCP28JZJ5R/LLCB_News_Fellow-Announcement_2019.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - The Five New Resident Fellows (and a Dissertation Fellow) for 2019 – 2020 - On April 22, 2019, Executive Director Kai Bird announced the award of five resident fellowships, including the first Leon Levy/Alfred P. Sloan fellow for a biography on a figure from science for 2019 – 2020. Each resident fellow receives a $72,000 grant, research assistance, writing space and full access to research facilities.</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/27c790ce-8fcc-46c8-b69f-60b370c1bbe8/David+Greenberg.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - The Five New Resident Fellows (and a Dissertation Fellow) for 2019 – 2020 - David Greenberg, a Professor of History and of Journalism and Media Studies at Rutgers University, for a biography of civil rights icon John Lewis. Greenberg is the author of Nixon’s Shadow: The History of an Image and Republic of Spin: An Inside History of the American Presidency, which won the George Orwell Award, the Kennedy School’s Goldsmith Book Award, and the Browne Book Award. Formerly an acting editor of the New Republic and a longtime contributor to Slate, he now writes regularly for Politico. He holds a PhD in history from Columbia University and a BA from Yale.</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Maas</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1f61b62c-33db-450b-a3a9-eb9cb1f83b60/Channing+Joseph.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - The Five New Resident Fellows (and a Dissertation Fellow) for 2019 – 2020</image:title>
      <image:caption>Channing Joseph, journalist and professor of journalism, for a biography of William Dorsey Swann, a formerly enslaved African-American man who became the world’s first self-described “drag queen” in the 1880s. In 2016, Joseph was a fellow of the International Center for Journalists. Joseph’s articles have appeared in The New York Times, Associated Press, The Washington Post, The Guardian and The Atlantic. He has earned support for his independent journalism from the Ford Foundation, the Scripps Howard Foundation, and the Brooks and Joan Fortune Family Foundation. He teaches journalism at the University of Southern California.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/aae609c2-d519-4a3b-abab-9e7f6a1082c0/Matthew-McKnight.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - The Five New Resident Fellows (and a Dissertation Fellow) for 2019 – 2020</image:title>
      <image:caption>Matthew McKnight, a writer and editor, for a biography of the American writer and cultural theorist Albert Murray. McKnight is a graduate of Morehouse College and Georgetown University who recently worked as the assistant literary editor at The Nation. His own writing—about art, literature, and contemporary American life—has appeared in The Point, The Nation, The New Yorker, and The Baffler.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/bd802826-d8a0-4ee0-9e62-160c7801b578/Abigail+Santamaria.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - The Five New Resident Fellows (and a Dissertation Fellow) for 2019 – 2020</image:title>
      <image:caption>Abigail Santamaria, founding partner of Biography by Design, LLC, for a biography of Madeleine L’Engle, the beloved American author who transformed the landscape of possibility for women writers of science fiction and female protagonists. A graduate of the Columbia University MFA program in nonfiction, Santamaria has received fellowships from Jentel, Ragdale, and the Virginia Center for the Creative Arts. Santamaria is the author of Joy: Poet, Seeker, and the Woman Who Captivated C.S. Lewis (2015).</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1381ed30-7dcc-4695-a9eb-001b966aa17d/Laura+Snyder.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - The Five New Resident Fellows (and a Dissertation Fellow) for 2019 – 2020</image:title>
      <image:caption>Laura J. Snyder, the first Leon Levy/Alfred P. Sloan fellow, for a biography of Oliver Sacks.  Snyder is the author of three books, most recently Eye of the Beholder (2015), which won the 2016 Sally Hacker Prize of the Society for the History of Technology. Her reviews and essays have appeared in The Wall Street Journal, Harvard Magazine, and elsewhere.  She has a B.A. from Brandeis University and a Ph.D. from The Johns Hopkins University. She was a philosophy professor at St. John’s College for twenty-one years. Snyder has received fellowships from the Fulbright Foundation, the Mellon Foundation, and the National Endowment for the Humanities.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/4f4b0483-8e0d-4254-a042-6b0867f616e2/Phelim+Dolan.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>News - The Five New Resident Fellows (and a Dissertation Fellow) for 2019 – 2020 - The Leon Levy Center for Biography also announced the award of one Dissertation Fellowship for PhD candidates at the Graduate Center. The 2019-20 Dissertation Award of $25,000 has been won by Phelim Dolan for a dissertation on seventeenth-century protestant bishop Henry Jones (1605-82). A bishop, politician, writer, and landholder, Jones managed to thrive as conditions changed in one of Ireland’s most important and violent centuries. Dolan seeks to better understand how social networks functioned in early modern Europe by closely examining Jones’ life and career. Like the other Fellows, Dolan will have writing space in the Leon Levy Center and attend the monthly biography seminars.</image:title>
    </image:image>
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    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/steven-j-zipperstein-on-philip-roth-with-judith-thurman</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/a-conversation-with-judith-thurman</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/a-conversation-with-david-nasaw</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/a-conversation-with-geoffrey-ward</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/a-conversation-with-taylor-branch</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/a-conversation-with-hermione-lee</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/a-conversation-with-brenda-wineapple</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/a-conversation-with-richard-holmes</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/a-conversation-with-with-david-levering-lewis</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/a-conversation-with-robert-k-massie</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/a-conversation-with-hilary-spurling</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/a-conversation-with-ron-chernov</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/a-conversation-with-robert-a-caro</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/a-conversation-with-stacy-schiff</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/lessons-about-living-with-geniuses</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/preparing-for-gandhi</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/writing-the-lives-of-the-well-known-and-the-unknown</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/event-one-6n7ca</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-30</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/events/nathan-kernan-on-james-schuyler-in-conversation-with-brad-gooch</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-02</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-15</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/miriam-horn-homesick-for-a-world-unknown-the-life-of-george-b-schaller</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-15</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/d175dd34-afe2-4eae-8da9-8042ab09ffdf/Miriam+Horn_Homesick+from+a+world+unknown.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Miriam Horn; Homesick for a World Unknown: The Life of George B. Schaller - Miriam Horn is a 2021 – 2022 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>In this riveting portrait of George B. Schaller, the world’s leading field biologist, Miriam Horn captures the seventy years he spent living among wild animals in the world’s remotest regions, forever altering how we see – and save – the natural world. In 1959, at just twenty-six years old and as a graduate student in biology, George B. Schaller shrugged off warnings of mortal danger and set off for the Belgian Congo to do what no other scientist had dared: study mountain gorillas, the real King Kong, by living alongside them. Boldly refusing arms and retinue, Schaller and his wife, Kay, established a home in the jungle and came to share the apes’ rhythms and rules. After more than two years of immersive research—a groundbreaking methodology he would spend his life honing—Schaller transformed how the world viewed gorillas; they were not murderous brutes but tender creatures, and more like humans than any twentieth-century scientist had recognized. His mission to revolutionize our perceptions of wild animals would propel him across four continents and inspire generations of scientists.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/gertrude-stein-an-afterlife</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1759516264667-9U6JGZALYXYGZ7R6QPYA/Francesca+Wade_Gertrude+Stein_An+Afterlife_book+cover.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Francesca Wade; Gertrude Stein: An Afterlife - Francesca Wade is a 2021 – 2022 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Drawing on never-before-seen interviews, a richly researched, sweeping examination of one of the most influential and mythologized literary figures of the 20th century and her partner’s emergence from the shadows after her death, in the decades-long fight to ensure her legacy.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/baldwin-a-love-story</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1759515100649-BXPOHQ0WWC22L60P5YQL/Nicholas+Boggs-a+love+story-baldwin.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Nicholas Boggs; Baldwin: A Love Story - Nicholas Boggs is a 2021 – 2022 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Baldwin: A Love Story, the first major biography of James Baldwin in three decades, reveals how profoundly the writer’s personal relationships shaped his life and work. Drawing on newly uncovered archival material and original research and interviews, this spellbinding book tells the overlapping stories of Baldwin’s most sustaining intimate and artistic relationships: with his mentor, the Black American painter Beauford Delaney; with his lover and muse, the Swiss painter Lucien Happersberger; and with his collaborators, the famed Turkish actor Engin Cezzar and the iconoclastic French artist Yoran Cazac, whose long-overlooked significance as Baldwin’s last great love is explored in these pages for the first time.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/true-nature-the-pilgrimage-of-peter-matthiessen</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1759515581219-OH3RZNV7KRLH3YQOLD5G/Lance-Richardson_True+Nature.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Lance Richardson; True Nature: The Pilgrimage of Peter Matthiessen - Lance Richardson is a 2021 – 2022 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Peter Matthiessen (1927 – 2014), a towering figure of twentieth-century American letters, achieved so much during his lifetime, in so many different areas, that people have struggled to pin him down. While ambivalent about his WASP privilege—as a teenager he demanded that his name be removed from the New York Social Register—he attended Yale and cut his teeth in postwar Paris, co-founding The Paris Review as he worked undercover for the CIA. But then, after a rebellious stint as a Long Island fisherman, he escaped into a series of wild expeditions.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/candy-darling-dreamer-icon-superstar</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1759517639172-R7XP8UUTDA1DBBEL3PHH/Cynthia-Carr_Candy+Darling-+Dreamer%2C+Icon%2C+Superstar.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Cynthia Carr; Candy Darling: Dreamer, Icon, Superstar - Cynthia Carr is a 2016 – 2017 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Warhol superstar and transgender icon Candy Darling was glamour personified, but she was without a real place in the world. Growing up on Long Island, lonely and quiet and queer, she was enchanted by Hollywood starlets like Kim Novak. She found her turn in New York’s early Off-Off-Broadway theater scene, in Warhol’s films Flesh and Women in Revolt, and at the famed nightclub Max's Kansas City. She inspired songs by Lou Reed and the Rolling Stones. She became friends with Jane Fonda and Lily Tomlin, borrowed a dress from Lauren Hutton, posed for Richard Avedon, and performed alongside Tennessee Williams in his own play.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/lorne-the-man-who-invented-saturday-night-live</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1759517382448-2AIL3WLI8L8RG8K7VSUA/Susan-Morrison_Lorne-+The+Man+Who+Invented+Saturday+Night+Live.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Susan Morrison; Lorne: The Man Who Invented Saturday Night Live - Susan Morrison is a 2020 – 2021 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Over the fifty years that Lorne Michaels has been at the helm of Saturday Night Live, he has become a revered and inimitable presence in the entertainment world. He’s a tastemaker, a mogul, a withholding father figure, a genius spotter of talent, a shrewd businessman, a name-dropper, a raconteur, the inspiration for Dr. Evil, the winner of more than a hundred Emmys – and, essentially, a mystery.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/the-272-the-families-who-were-enslaved-and-sold-to-build-the-american-catholic-church</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1759517091910-5S4GBNTFIAAB6Q0FOKD7/Rachel+Swarns_The+272.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Rachel Swarns; The 272: The Families Who Were Enslaved and Sold to Build the American Catholic Church - Rachel Swarns is a 2021 – 2022 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>In 1838, a group of America’s most prominent Catholic priests sold 272 enslaved people to save their largest mission project, what is now Georgetown University. In this groundbreaking account, journalist, author, and professor Rachel L. Swarns follows one family through nearly two centuries of indentured servitude and enslavement to uncover the harrowing origin story of the Catholic Church in the United States. Through the saga of the Mahoney family, Swarns illustrates how the Church relied on slave labor and slave sales to sustain its operations and to help finance its expansion.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/john-lewis-a-life</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1759516602286-1VADL8QHMJB3XGCJYLIZ/David+Greenberg_John+Lewis.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - David Greenberg; John Lewis: A Life - David Greenberg is a 2019 – 2020 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Born into poverty in rural Alabama, John Lewis rose to prominence in the civil rights movement, becoming second only to Martin Luther King, Jr. in his contributions. As a Freedom Rider, he played a crucial role in integrating bus stations across the South. Lewis was a prominent leader in the Nashville sit-in movement and delivered a historic speech at the 1963 March on Washington.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/the-impossible-man-roger-penrose-and-the-cost-of-genius</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1759514666459-LESA6NIKCHCDCD2ITUAN/Patchen-Barss_The+Impossible+Man.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Patchen Barss; The Impossible Man: Roger Penrose and the Cost of Genius - Patchen Barss is a 2021 – 2022 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>When he was six years old, Roger Penrose discovered a sundial in a clearing near his house. Through that machine made of light, shadow, and time, Roger glimpsed a “world behind the world” of transcendently beautiful geometry. It spurred him on a journey to become one of the world’s most influential mathematicians, philosophers, and physicists.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/the-rebels-clinic-the-revolutionary-lives-of-frantz-fanon</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1759513700656-A9QCYMH89HLEDIGLJ1BN/Adam-Shatz_Fanon.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Adam Shatz; The Rebel's Clinic: The Revolutionary Lives of Frantz Fanon - Adam Shatz is a 2021 – 2022 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>In the era of Black Lives Matter, Frantz Fanon’s shadow looms larger than ever. He was the intellectual activist of the postcolonial era, and his writings about race, revolution, and the psychology of power continue to shape radical movements across the world. In this searching biography, Adam Shatz tells the story of Fanon’s stunning journey, which has all the twists of a Cold War–era thriller.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/love-and-need-the-life-of-robert-frosts-poetry</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1759513246320-LRS34E2VDJWWRKAP6Y7J/Adam-Plunkett_Love+and+Need.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Adam Plunkett; Love and Need: The Life of Robert Frost’s Poetry - Adam Plunkett is a 2016 – 2017 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>By the middle of the twentieth century, Robert Frost was the best-loved poet in America. He was our nation’s bard, simple and sincere, accompanying us on wooded roads and articulating our hopes and fears. After Frost’s death, these clichés gave way to equally broad (though opposed) portraits sketched by his biographers, chief among them Lawrance Thompson.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/crumb-a-cartoonists-life</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1759512936856-K55QI604EI3Y38AZI29V/Dan-Nadel_Crumb.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Dan Nadel; Crumb: A Cartoonist's Life - Dan Nadel is a 2021 – 2022 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Robert Crumb is often credited with single-handedly transforming the comics medium into a place for adult expression, in the process pioneering the underground comic book industry, and transforming the vernacular language of 20th-century America into an instantly recognizable and popular aesthetic.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/sister-sinner-the-miraculous-life-and-mysterious-disappearance-of-aimee-semple-mcpherson</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-10-03</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1759512509022-8JIEZ9G7Y64H15K4CP5M/Claire-Hoffman_Sister-Sinner.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Claire Hoffman; Sister, Sinner: The Miraculous Life and Mysterious Disappearance of Aimee Semple McPherson - Claire Hoffman is a 2023 – 2024 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>On a spring day in 1926, Aimee Semple McPherson wandered into the Pacific Ocean and vanished. Weeks later she reappeared in the desert, claiming to have been kidnapped. A national media frenzy and months of investigation ensued. Who was this woman?</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/siobhan-roberts-genius-at-play-the-curious-mind-of-john-horton-conway</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/c1578de9-c2cb-4931-84ba-294c13f9a23c/Genius+at+Play-+the+Curious+Mind+of+John+Horton+Conway_new.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Siobhan Roberts; Genius at Play: the Curious Mind of John Horton Conway - Siobhan Roberts is a 2012 – 2013 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>A mathematician unlike any other, John Horton Conway (1937–2020) possessed a rock star’s charisma, a polymath’s promiscuous curiosity, and a sly sense of humor. Conway found fame as a barefoot professor at Cambridge, where he discovered the Conway groups in mathematical symmetry and the aptly named surreal numbers. He also invented the cult classic Game of Life, a cellular automaton that demonstrates how simplicity generates complexity—and provides an analogy for mathematics and the entire universe.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/saxophone-colossus-music-sonny-rollins-aidan-levy-xjs2s</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/2ddb145f-c484-4c89-9b4b-9f068a91f0c0/Levy_Aidan_Saxophone+Colossus_The+Lie+and+Music+of+Sonny+Rollins_cover.webp</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Aidan Levy; Saxophone Colossus: The Life and Music of Sonny Rollins - Aidan Levy is a 2016 – 2017 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Sonny Rollins has long been considered an enigma. Known as the “Saxophone Colossus,” he is widely acknowledged as one of the greatest jazz improvisers of all time, winning Grammys, the Austrian Cross of Honor, Sweden’s Polar Music Prize and a National Medal of Arts. A bridge from bebop to the avant-garde, he is a lasting link to the golden age of jazz, pictured in the iconic “Great Day in Harlem” portrait. His seven-decade career has been well documented, but the backstage life of the man once called “the only jazz recluse” has gone largely untold – until now.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/finale-late-conversations-with-stephen-sondheim</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1757076299570-G6F7OKM5I20QOC73OKKY/Max_D.T._Finale-Stephen-Sondheim.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - D. T. Max; Finale: Late Conversations with Stephen Sondheim - D. T. Max is a 2011 – 2012 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>In 2017, New Yorker staff writer D.T. Max began working on a major profile of Stephen Sondheim that would be timed to the eventual premiere of a new musical Sondheim was writing. Sadly , that process – and the years of conversation – was cut short by Sondheim’s own hesitations, then the global pandemic, and finally by the great artist’s death in November 2021.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/saxophone-colossus-music-sonny-rollins-aidan-levy-xjs2s-zd5sb</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1756831690402-4MBN9DRHKPOLU1D9RA1X/Meier_Andrew_Morgenthau_Power%2C+privilege+and+the+rise+of+an+American+Dynasty.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Andrew Meier; Morgenthau: Power, Privilege, and the Rise of an American Dynasty - Andrew Meier is a 2013 – 2014 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>After coming to America from Germany in 1866, the Morgenthaus made history in international diplomacy, in domestic politics, and in America’s criminal justice system. With unprecedented, exclusive access to family archives, award-winning journalist and biographer Andrew Meier vividly chronicles how the Morgenthaus amassed a fortune in Manhattan real estate, advised presidents, advanced the New Deal, exposed the Armenian genocide, rescued victims of the Holocaust, waged war in the Mediterranean and Pacific, and, from a foundation of private wealth, built a dynasty of public service.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/clairvoyant-of-the-small-the-life-of-robert-walser</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/44316052-efa2-4075-8456-cca1bf33d532/Bernofsky_Susan_Clairvoyant-of-the-small.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Susan Bernofsky; Clairvoyant of the Small: The Life of Robert Walser - Susan Bernofsky is a 2012 – 2013 Fellow and a finalist for the National Book Critics Circle Award in Biography</image:title>
      <image:caption>The great Swiss-German modernist author Robert Walser lived eccentrically on the fringes of European society—his pronounced interest in everything inconspicuous and modest prompted W. G. Sebald to dub him “a clairvoyant of the small.” His revolutionary use of short prose forms won him the admiration of Franz Kafka, Walter Benjamin, Robert Musil, and many others. In this immaculately researched and beautifully written biography Susan Bernofsky sets Walser in the context of early twentieth century European history, establishing him as one of the most important modernist writers.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/all-the-frequent-troubles-of-our-days</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/8fdb82b7-a075-4139-a585-7e265a4f3c3f/Donner_Rebecca_All+The+Frequent+Troubles+of+Our+Days.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Rebecca Donner: All The Frequent Troubles of Our Days: The True Story of the American Woman at the Heart of the German Resistance to Hitler - Rebecca Donner is a 2018 – 2019 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Born and raised in Milwaukee, Mildred Harnack was twenty-six when she enrolled in a PhD program in Germany and witnessed the meteoric rise of the Nazi party. In 1932, she began holding secret meetings in her apartment -- a small band of political activists that by 1940 had grown into the largest underground resistance group in Berlin. She recruited working-class Germans into the resistance, helped Jews escape, plotted acts of sabotage, and collaborated in writing leaflets that denounced Hitler's regime and called for revolution.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/heather-clark-red-comet-the-short-life-and-blazing-art-of-sylvia-plath</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/998f805c-745e-4dbb-8e96-a81131fb2741/Red+Comet-+The+Short+Life+and+Blazing+Art+of+Sylvia+Plath.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Heather Clark: Red Comet: The Short Life and Blazing Art of Sylvia Plath - Heather Clark is a 2016 – 2017 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>With a wealth of never-before-accessed materials, Heather Clark brings to life the brilliant Sylvia Plath, who had precocious poetic ambition and was an accomplished published writer even before she became a star at Smith College. Refusing to read Plath’s work as if her every act was a harbinger of her tragic fate, Clark considers the sociopolitical context as she thoroughly explores Plath’s world</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/revolution-or-death-the-life-of-eldridge-cleaver</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/a4ae1847-8c63-4cf1-a903-d718bd8d6d46/Justin+Gifford_Revolution+or+Death-The+Life+of+Eldridge+Cleaver.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Justin Gifford: Revolution or Death: The Life of Eldridge Cleaver - Justin Gifford is a 2017 – 2018 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Charismatic, brilliant, and courageous, Eldridge Cleaver built a base of power and influence that struck fear deep in the heart of White America. It was therefore shocking to many left-wing radicals when Cleaver turned his back on Black revolution, the Nation of Islam, and communism in 1975.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/a-dominant-character-the-radical-science-and-restless-politics-of-j-b-s-haldane</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/0396243f-b12a-454a-ad10-a350b47018f5/Samanth+Subramania</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Samanth Subramanian; A Dominant Character: The Radical Science and Restless Politics of J. B. S. Haldane - Samanth Subramanian is a 2018 – 2019 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>J. B. S. Haldane’s life was rich and strange, never short on genius or drama―from his boyhood apprenticeship to his scientist father, who first instilled in him a devotion to the scientific method; to his time in the trenches during the First World War, where he wrote his first scientific paper; to his numerous experiments on himself, including inhaling dangerous levels of carbon dioxide and drinking hydrochloric acid; to his clandestine research for the British Admiralty during the Second World War.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/blake-gopnik-warhol</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/42ecc049-c87b-4fa7-9bf7-414415f5c3f6/Blake-Gopnik_Andy+Warhol.jpeg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Blake Gopnik: Warhol - Blake Gopnik is a 2015 – 2016 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>In Warhol, esteemed art critic Blake Gopnik takes on Andy Warhol in all his depth and dimensions. “The meanings of his art depend on the way he lived and who he was,” as Gopnik writes. “That’s why the details of his biography matter more than for almost any cultural figure,” from his working-class Pittsburgh upbringing as the child of immigrants to his early career in commercial art to his total immersion in the “performance” of being an artist, accompanied by global fame and stardom—and his attempted assassination.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/stephen-heyman-the-planter-of-modern-life-louis-bromfield-and-the-seeds-of-a-food-revolution</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/8e6fef60-f993-41d4-84b6-e9c85ee71699/Stephen+Heyman_The+Planter+of+Modern+Life.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Stephen Heyman; The Planter of Modern Life: Louis Bromfield and the Seeds of a Food Revolution - Stephen Heyman is a 2018 – 2019 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Louis Bromfield was a World War I ambulance driver, a Paris expat, and a Pulitzer Prize-winning novelist as famous in the 1920s as Hemingway or Fitzgerald. But he cashed in his literary success to finance a wild agrarian dream in his native Ohio. The ideas he planted at his utopian experimental farm, Malabar, would inspire America's first generation of organic farmers and popularize the tenets of environmentalism years before Rachel Carson's Silent Spring.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/eric-washington-the-boss-of-the-grips-the-life-of-james-h-williams-and-the-red-caps-of-grand-central-terminal</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/adbd915f-27ae-46b1-b1b1-a0dd0cba7907/The+Boss+of+the+Grips-+the+Life+of+James+H.+Williams+and+the+Red+Caps+of+Grand+Central+Terminal.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Eric Washington; The Boss of the Grips: the Life of James H. Williams and the Red Caps of Grand Central Terminal - Eric Washington is a 2015 – 2016 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>In a feat of remarkable research and timely reclamation, Eric K. Washington uncovers the nearly forgotten life of James H. Williams (1878–1948), the chief porter of Grand Central Terminal’s Red Caps―a multitude of Harlem-based black men whom he organized into the essential labor force of America’s most august railroad station. Washington reveals that despite the highly racialized and often exploitative nature of the work, the Red Cap was a highly coveted job for college-bound black men determined to join New York’s bourgeoning middle class.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/eleanor-randolph-the-many-lives-of-michael-bloomberg</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/88a7159b-39cd-48b4-af35-51f665f7752d/the-many-lives-of-michael-bloomberg-9781476772219_hr.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Eleanor Randolph; The Many Lives of Michael Bloomberg - Eleanor Randolph is a 2017 – 2018 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Randolph’s account of Bloomberg’s life and time reads almost like a novel, a quintessentially American story. She explains the “machine” he invented that gave and continues to give instant access to an infinite amount of information to bankers and investors on how, what, and where to invest, and how it changed the financial universe.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/colin-asher-never-a-lovely-so-real-the-life-and-work-of-nelson-algren</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/e6836c1a-e1c0-44a0-8ea0-55affa715a12/Colin+Asher_Never+a+Lovely+So+Real_the+Life+and+Work+of+Nelson+Algren.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Colin Asher; Never a Lovely So Real: the Life and Work of Nelson Algren - Colin Asher is a 2015 – 2016 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>For a time, Nelson Algren was America’s most famous author, lauded by the likes of Richard Wright and Ernest Hemingway. Millions bought his books. Algren’s third novel, The Man with the Golden Arm, won the first National Book Award, and Frank Sinatra starred in the movie. But despite Algren’s talent, he abandoned fiction and fell into obscurity.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/peter-filkins-h-g-adler-a-life-in-many-worlds</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/05e419fc-f09f-4fc6-89da-5fb6b3bd3335/H.G.+Adler_a+Life+in+Many+Worlds.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Peter Filkins; H.G. Adler: a Life in Many Worlds - Peter Filkins is a 2014 – 2015 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>The biography of H.G. Adler (1910-88) is the story of a survivor of Theresienstadt, Auschwitz, and two other concentration camps who not only lived through the greatest cataclysm of the 20th century, but someone who also devoted his literary and scholarly career to telling the story of those who perished in over two dozen books of fiction, poetry, history, sociology, and religion. And yet for much of his life he remained almost entirely unknown.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/mr-b-george-balanchines-20th-century-jennifer-homans</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/b93bb0f7-f857-41fa-bdc2-e5aeefe7346d/Homans_Jennifer_Mr+B_George+Balanchine%27s+20th+Century.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Jennifer Homans; Mr. B: George Balanchine's 20th Century - Jennifer Homans is a 2018 – 2019 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Arguably the greatest choreographer who ever lived, George Balanchine was one of the cultural titans of the twentieth century—The New York Times called him “the Shakespeare of dancing.” His radical approach to choreography—and life—reinvented the art of ballet and made him a legend. Written with enormous style and artistry, and based on more than one hundred interviews and research in archives across Russia, Europe, and the Americas, Mr. B carries us through Balanchine’s tumultuous and high-pitched life story and into the making of his extraordinary dances.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/james-davis-eric-walrond-a-life-in-the-harlem-renaissance-and-the-transatlantic-caribbean</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/66b48686-c7e8-4649-bb30-7119c6617a97/Davis_Eric-Walrond-A-Life-in-the-Harlem-Renaissance.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - James Davis; Eric Walrond: A Life in the Harlem Renaissance and the Transatlantic Caribbean - James Davis is a 2008 – 2009 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Eric Walrond (1898–1966) was a writer, journalist, caustic critic, and fixture of 1920s Harlem. His short story collection, Tropic Death, was one of the first efforts by a black author to depict Caribbean lives and voices in American fiction. Restoring Walrond to his proper place as a luminary of the Harlem Renaissance, this biography situates Tropic Death within the author's broader corpus and positions the work as a catalyst and driving force behind the New Negro literary movement in America. James Davis follows Walrond from the West Indies to Panama, New York, France, and finally England. He recounts his relationships with New Negro authors such as Countée Cullen, Charles S. Johnson, Zora Neale Hurston, Alain Locke, and Gwendolyn Bennett, as well as the white novelist Carl Van Vechten. He also recovers Walrond's involvement with Marcus Garvey's journal Negro World and the National Urban League journal Opportunity and examines the writer's work for mainstream venues, including Vanity Fair.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/michael-massing-fatal-discord-erasmus-luther-and-the-fight-for-the-western-mind</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/abe7f855-5227-4766-86d6-bd7def25d284/Fatal+Discord-+Erasmus%2C+Luther%2C+and+the+Fight+for+the+Western+Mind.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Michael Massing; Fatal Discord: Erasmus, Luther, and the Fight for the Western Mind - Michael Massing is a 2010 – 2011 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>At a time when Leonardo, Michelangelo, and Raphael were revolutionizing Western art and culture, Erasmus of Rotterdam was helping to transform Europe's intellectual and religious life, developing a new design for living for a continent rebelling against the hierarchical constraints of the Roman Church. When in 1516 he came out with a revised edition of the New Testament based on the original Greek, he was hailed as the prophet of a new enlightened age. Today, however, Erasmus is largely forgotten, and the reason can be summed up in two words: Martin Luther. As a young friar in remote Wittenberg, Luther was initially a great admirer of Erasmus and his critique of the Catholic Church, but while Erasmus sought to reform that institution from within, Luther wanted a more radical transformation. Eventually, the differences between them flared into a bitter rivalry, with each trying to win over Europe to his vision.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/vanda-krefft-the-man-who-made-the-movies-the-meteoric-rise-and-tragic-fall-of-william-fox</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/7f5e7ced-5ab9-45b0-b984-a867d4bd330b/The+Man+Who+Made+the+Movies-+The+Meteoric+Rise+and+Tragic+Fall+of+William+Fox.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Vanda Krefft; The Man Who Made the Movies: The Meteoric Rise and Tragic Fall of William Fox - Vanda Krefft is a 2009 – 2010 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>A riveting story of ambition, greed, and genius unfolding at the dawn of modern America. This landmark biography brings into focus a fascinating brilliant entrepreneur—like Steve Jobs or Walt Disney, a true American visionary—who risked everything to realize his bold dream of a Hollywood empire. Although a major Hollywood studio still bears William Fox’s name, the man himself has mostly been forgotten by history, even written off as a failure. Now, in this fascinating biography, Vanda Krefft corrects the record, explaining why Fox’s legacy is central to the history of Hollywood. At the heart of William Fox’s life was the myth of the American Dream. His story intertwines the fate of the nineteenth-century immigrants who flooded into New York, the city’s vibrant and ruthless gilded age history, and the birth of America’s movie industry amid the dawn of the modern era. Drawing on a decade of original research, The Man Who Made the Movies offers a rich, compelling look at a complex man emblematic of his time, one of the most fascinating and formative eras in American history.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/jed-perl-calder-the-conquest-of-time-the-early-years-1898-1940</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/3c021f55-35b3-46ea-b9fa-51369008b9a9/Calder-+The+Conquest+of+Time-+The+Early+Years-+1898-1940.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Jed Perl; Calder: The Conquest of Time: The Early Years: 1898-1940 - Jed Perl is a 2010 – 2011 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>The first biography of America's greatest twentieth-century sculptor, Alexander Calder: an authoritative and revelatory achievement, based on a wealth of letters and papers never before available, and written by one of our most renowned art critics. Alexander Calder is one of the most beloved and widely admired artists of the twentieth century. Anybody who has ever set foot in a museum knows him as the inventor of the mobile, America's unique contribution to modern art. But only now, forty years after the artist's death, is the full story of his life being told in this biography, which is based on unprecedented access to Calder's letters and papers as well as scores of interviews. Jed Perl shows us why Calder was--and remains--a barrier breaker, an avant-garde artist with mass appeal.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/damion-searls-the-inkblots-hermann-rorschach-his-iconic-test-and-the-power-of-seeing</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/d781d083-5137-44c2-a20f-3921c6fc4f1f/The+Inkblots-+Hermann+Rorschach%2C+His+Iconic+Test%2C+and+the+Power+of+Seeing.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Damion Searls; The Inkblots: Hermann Rorschach, His Iconic Test, and the Power of Seeing - Damion Searls is a 2012 – 2013 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>In 1917, working alone in a remote Swiss asylum, psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach devised an experiment to probe the human mind: a set of ten carefully designed inkblots. For years he had grappled with the theories of Freud and Jung while also absorbing the aesthetic movements of the day, from Futurism to Dadaism. A visual artist himself, Rorschach had come to believe that who we are is less a matter of what we say, as Freud thought, than what we see. After Rorschach’s early death, his test quickly made its way to America, where it took on a life of its own. Co-opted by the military after Pearl Harbor, it was a fixture at the Nuremberg trials and in the jungles of Vietnam. It became an advertising staple, a cliché in Hollywood and journalism, and an inspiration to everyone from Andy Warhol to Jay Z. The test was also given to millions of defendants, job applicants, parents in custody battles, and people suffering from mental illness or simply trying to understand themselves better. And it is still used today.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/alexandra-chasin-assassin-of-youth-the-kaleidoscopic-history-of-harry-j-anslingers-war-on-drugs</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/54cce887-9761-4be2-852b-a4116e599cff/Assassin+of+Youth-+the+Kaleidoscopic+History+of+Harry+J.+Anslinger%27s+War+on+Drugs.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Alexandra Chasin; Assassin of Youth: the Kaleidoscopic History of Harry J. Anslinger's War on Drugs - Alexandra Chasin is a 2013 – 2014 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Commissioner of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics from its establishment in 1930 until his retirement in 1962, Harry J. Anslinger is the United States’ little known first drug czar. Anslinger was a profligate propagandist with a flair for demonizing racial and immigrant groups and perhaps best known for his zealous pursuit of harsh drug penalties and his particular animus for marijuana users. But what made Anslinger who he was, and what cultural trends did he amplify and institutionalize? Having just passed the hundredth anniversary of the Harrison Act—which consolidated prohibitionist drug policy and led to the carceral state we have today—and even as public doubts about the drug war continue to grow, now is the perfect time to evaluate Anslinger’s social, cultural, and political legacy.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/ruth-franklin-shirley-jackson-a-rather-haunted-life</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/38e8616b-41d3-41ab-bc91-0e0dbd3c7cc3/Shirley+Jackson-+A+Rather+Haunted+Life.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Ruth Franklin; Shirley Jackson: a Rather Haunted Life - Ruth Franklin is a 2014 – 2015 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Instantly heralded for its “masterful” and “thrilling” portrayal (Boston Globe), Shirley Jackson reveals the tumultuous life and inner darkness of the literary genius behind such classics as “The Lottery” and The Haunting of Hill House. In this “remarkable act of reclamation” (Neil Gaiman), Ruth Franklin envisions Jackson as “belonging to the great tradition of Hawthorne, Poe and James” (New York Times Book Review) and demonstrates how her unique contribution to the canon “so uncannily channeled women’s nightmares and contradictions that it is ‘nothing less than the secret history of American women of her era’ ” (Washington Post). Franklin investigates the “interplay between the life, the work, and the times with real skill and insight, making this fine book a real contribution not only to biography, but to mid-20th-century women’s history” (Chicago Tribune). “Wisely rescu[ing] Shirley Jackson from any semblance of obscurity” (Lena Dunham), Franklin’s invigorating portrait stands as the definitive biography of a generational avatar and an American literary genius. National Book Critics Circle Award (Biography) Edgar Award (Critical/Biographical) Bram Stoker Award (Nonfiction)</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/pamela-newkirk-spectacle-the-astonishing-life-of-ota-bengaruth-franklin-shirley-jackson-a-rather-haunted-life-7fftm</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/9c7b6529-837f-43a4-9e09-ac22ec4499f2/Spectacle-+the+Astonishing+Life+of+Ota+Benga.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Pamela Newkirk; Spectacle: the Astonishing Life of Ota Benga - Pamela Newkirk is a 2013 – 2014 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>An award-winning journalist reveals a little-known and shameful episode in American history, when an African man was used as a human zoo exhibit—a shocking story of racial prejudice, science, and tragedy in the early years of the twentieth century in the tradition of The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, Devil in the White City, and Medical Apartheid. In 1904, Ota Benga, a young Congolese “pygmy”—a person of petite stature—arrived from central Africa and was featured in an anthropology exhibit at the St. Louis World’s Fair. Two years later, the New York Zoological Gardens displayed him in its Monkey House, caging the slight 103-pound, 4-foot 11-inch tall man with an orangutan. The attraction became an international sensation, drawing thousands of New Yorkers and commanding headlines from across the nation and Europe.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/langdon-hammer-james-merrill-life-and-art</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/3d97aaec-90ff-4476-91e7-93eb8e9e6a5b/James+Merrill-+Life+and+Art.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Langdon Hammer; James Merrill: Life and Art - Langdon Hammer is a 2012 – 2013 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Langdon Hammer has given us the first biography of the poet James Merrill (1926–95), whose life is surely one of the most fascinating in American literature. Merrill was born to high privilege and high expectations as the son of Charles Merrill, the charismatic cofounder of the brokerage firm Merrill Lynch, and Hellen Ingram, a muse, ally, and antagonist throughout her son’s life. Wounded by his parents’ bitter divorce, he was the child of a broken home, looking for repair in poetry and love. This is the story of a young man escaping, yet also reenacting, the energies and obsessions of those powerful parents. It is the story of a gay man inventing his identity against the grain of American society during the eras of the closet, gay liberation, and AIDS. Above all, it is the story of a brilliantly gifted, fiercely dedicated poet working every day to turn his life into art.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/adam-begley-updike</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/a8a062ed-40a6-440d-be7d-4e2742018617/Adam-Begley_Updike.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Adam Begley; Updike - Adam Begley is a 2011 – 2012 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>A masterful, much-anticipated biography of one of the most celebrated figures in American literature: Pulitzer Prize-winning author John Updike - a candid, intimate, and richly detailed look at his life and work. In this magisterial biography, Adam Begley offers an illuminating portrait of John Updike, the acclaimed novelist, poet, short-story writer, and critic who saw himself as a literary spy in small-town and suburban America, who dedicated himself to the task of transcribing "middleness with all its grits, bumps, and anonymities."</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/d-t-max-every-love-story-is-a-ghost-story-a-life-of-david-foster-wallace</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/dedcafe9-45c2-43b7-919a-3101925d398d/Every-Love-Story-Is-a-Ghost-Story-A-Life-of-David-Foster-Wallace.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - D. T. Max; Every Love Story is a Ghost Story: A Life of David Foster Wallace - D.T. Max is a 2011 – 2012 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>David Foster Wallace was the leading literary light of his era, a man who not only captivated readers with his prose but also mesmerized them with his brilliant mind. In this, the first biography of the writer, D. T. Max sets out to chart Wallace’s tormented, anguished and often triumphant battle to succeed as a novelist as he fights off depression and addiction to emerge with his masterpiece, Infinite Jest.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/elizabeth-kendall-balanchine-the-lost-muse-revolution-the-making-of-a-choreographer</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/5c24959a-9663-4842-99c9-166477ddf4c7/Balanchine+%26+the+Lost+Muse-+Revolution+%26+the+Making+of+a+Choreographer.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Elizabeth Kendall; Balanchine &amp;amp; the Lost Muse: Revolution &amp;amp; the Making of a Choreographer - Elizabeth Kendall is a 2011 – 2012 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Here is the first dual biography of the early lives of two key figures in Russian ballet: famed choreographer George Balanchine and his close childhood friend and extraordinary ballerina Liidia (Lidochka) Ivanova. Tracing the lives and friendship of these two dancers from years just before the 1917 Russian Revolution to Balanchine's escape from Russia in 1924, Elizabeth Kendall's Balanchine &amp; the Lost Muse sheds new light on a crucial flash point in the history of ballet. Drawing upon extensive archival research, Kendall weaves a fascinating tale about this decisive period in the life of the man who would become the most influential choreographer in modern ballet.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/molly-peacock-the-paper-garden-an-artist-begins-her-work-at-72-biography-of-mary-granville-delany-1700-1788</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/bdcefe02-e861-4075-a823-78187f2c4b4a/The-Paper-Garden--an-Artist-Begins-her-Work-at-72.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Molly Peacock; The Paper Garden: an Artist Begins her Work at 72 [biography of Mary Granville Delany (1700 – 1788) - Molly Peacock is a 2008 – 2009 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>The Paper Garden is unlike anything else you have ever read. At once a biography of an extraordinary 18th century gentlewoman and a meditation on late-life creativity, it is a beautifully written tour de force from an acclaimed poet. Mary Granville Pendarves Delany (1700-1788) was the witty, beautiful and talented daughter of a minor branch of a powerful family. Married off at 16 to a 61-year-old drunken squire to improve the family fortunes, she was widowed by 25, and henceforth had a small stipend and a horror of a marriage. She spurned many suitors over the next twenty years, including the powerful Lord Baltimore and the charismatic radical John Wesley. She cultivated a wide circle of friends, including Handel and Jonathan Swift. And she painted, she stitched, she observed, as she swirled in the outskirts of the Georgian court. In mid-life she found love, and married. Upon her husband's death 23 years later, she arose from her grief, picked up a pair of scissors and, at the age of 72, created a new art form, mixed-media collage. Over the next decade, Mrs Delany created an astonishing 985 botanically correct, breathtaking cut-paper flowers, now housed in the British Museum and referred to as the Botanica Delanica.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/wendy-lesser-music-for-silenced-voices-dimitri-shostakovich</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-23</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/1757363113322-JKI78S5SIJKKVN41D67Z/Music-for-Silenced-Voices-Dimitri-Shostakovich.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - Wendy Lesser; Music for Silenced Voices: Dmitri Shostakovich - Wendy Lesser is a 2009 – 2010 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>Most previous books about Dmitri Shostakovich have focused on either his symphonies and operas, or his relationship to the regime under which he lived, or both, since these large-scale works were the ones that attracted the interest and sometimes the condemnation of the Soviet authorities. Music for Silenced Voices looks at Shostakovich through the back door, as it were, of his fifteen quartets, the works which his widow characterized as a "diary, the story of his soul." The silences and the voices were of many kinds, including the political silencing of adventurous writers, artists, and musicians during the Stalin era; the lost voices of Shostakovich's operas (a form he abandoned just before turning to string quartets); and the death-silenced voices of his close friends, to whom he dedicated many of these chamber works.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/john-matteson-the-lives-of-margaret-fuller</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-09-08</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/687676d602fa932c343c3190/26279eba-99df-4a8d-a1b3-a214497e5633/The-Lives-of-Margaret-Fuller.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biographies - John Matteson; The Lives of Margaret Fuller - John Matteson is a 2009 – 2010 Fellow</image:title>
      <image:caption>A brilliant writer and a fiery social critic, Margaret Fuller (1810-1850) was perhaps the most famous American woman of her generation. Outspoken and quick-witted, idealistic and adventurous, she became the leading female figure in the transcendentalist movement, wrote a celebrated column of literary and social commentary for Horace Greeley's newspaper, and served as the first foreign correspondent for an American newspaper. While living in Europe she fell in love with an Italian nobleman, with whom she became pregnant out of wedlock. In 1848 she joined the fight for Italian independence and, the following year, reported on the struggle while nursing the wounded within range of enemy cannons. Amid all these strivings and achievements, she authored the first great work of American feminism: Woman in the Nineteenth Century. Despite her brilliance, however, Fuller suffered from self-doubt and was plagued by ill health. John Matteson captures Fuller's longing to become ever better, reflected by the changing lives she led.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/category/Published+biography</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Samanth+Subramanian</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Comedians</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Politics+%26+Social+Sciences</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Black+%26+African+American</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Artists+Architects+%26+Photographers</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/History</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Art+%26+Literature</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Symphony</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/H.+G.+Adler</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Wildlife</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Aidan+Levy</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Michael+Bloomberg</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Hermann+Rorschach</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Religion+%26+Spirituality</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/2025</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Colin+Asher</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Genres+%26+Styles</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Homesick+for+a+World+Unknown</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Biographies+%26+Memoirs</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Blake+Gopnik</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Poetry</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/John+Horton+Conway</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Jed+Perl</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Biological+Sciences</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Miriam+Horn</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Eric+Washington</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Nicholas+Boggs</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Ballet</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Susan+Morrison</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Literature+%26+Fiction</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Andy+Warhol</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Red+Caps</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Immigrants</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Science+%26+Math</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Regional+%26+Cultural</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/The+272%3A+The+Families+Who+Were+Enslaved+and+Sold+to+Build+the+American+Catholic+Church</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/James+Merrill</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Pamela+Newkirk</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Arts+%26+Photography</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Political</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Opera</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Morgenthau</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Americas</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/B</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/C</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Damion+Searls</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/D</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Histo</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/United+States</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/G</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/H</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Politics+%26+Government</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/L</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/M</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Francesca+Wade</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Robert+Walser</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Leaders</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/S</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Social+Scientists+%26+Psychologists</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/W</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Elizabeth+Kendall</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Peter+Filkins</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Wendy+Lesser</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Eleanor+Randolph</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://www.leonlevycenterforbiography.com/biographies/tag/Lorne%3A+The+Man+Who+Invented+Saturday+Night+Live</loc>
    <changefreq>monthly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
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